Peer-Reviewed Articles

Study: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) present a significant global health challenge, resulting in high morbidity and economic costs. Current treatments often fail to achieve satisfactory healing rates, highlighting the need for novel therapies. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of a novel autologous whole blood clot (AWBC), a blood-based, biodegradable provisional matrix in conjunction with standard care compared to standard care alone in treating chronic DFUs. This RCT demonstrated the safety and efficacy of AWBC in achieving wound closure compared to the best practice standard of care in hard-to-heal DFUs. AWBC had statistically significant healing outcomes compared to control, presenting a promising and innovative treatment for hard-to-heal DFUs, thus offering a significant improvement over traditional care. This novel approach addresses the underlying challenges in the wound microenvironment, suggesting a paradigm shift in managing chronic DFUs, and emphasizing the advantages and benefits of this innovative treatment.

Study: This multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial enrolled 168 chronic diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) subjects across 13 centers in 9 U.S. states to compare a thoroughly decellularized, room-temperature, sterile human acellular dermal matrix (D-ADM / DermACELL) against conventional care and an active ADM comparator (GJ-ADM / GraftJacket). Subjects were followed for 24 weeks with major endpoints at weeks 12, 16, and 24. Single-application D-ADM subjects showed significantly greater wound closure rates than conventional care at all three endpoints. D-ADM also demonstrated significantly greater average percent wound area reduction than conventional care for weeks 2–24, and healed wounds in the D-ADM arm remained closed at a significantly greater rate than the conventional care arm at four weeks post-termination (100% vs. 86.7%; P = 0.0435). The study demonstrates that D-ADM can successfully heal difficult-to-treat DFUs with one or two applications and with minimal complications. The authors conclude that D-ADM is superior to conventional care and performs comparably to or better than an active ADM comparator across multiple timepoints.

Study: ActiGraft is a topically applied blood clot therapy supported by evidence of efficacy in treating foot ucler patients with diabetes.

There are 34.2 million patients with diabetes in the United States with foot ulcers considered one of the most common complications of diabetes. Complex ulcerations with exposed tendon and bone pose the greatest risk od osteomyelitis. However, most studies regarding ulcer healing in this group include full thickness wounds with a paucity of evidence surrounding complex ulcerations. Performing randomized controlled trials on complex DFUs represents an unmet clinical need.

In this study, three sites are planning and will be overseen by key opinion leaders in the wound research field. A multicenter, prospective randomized controlled trial will occur in three stages. The proposed study will address therapeutic efficacy of this treatment in deleterious circumstances and will include a standard of care control arm.

Study: Limb amputations as a result of non-healing complex wounds continues to be with high prevalence. A non-healing wound can deteriorate and have an extensive breakdown of soft tissue that may cause exposure of vital structures. In complex wounds with exposed structures, ActiGraft proved to:

• Achieve coverage of these vital structures and reduction in the wound area, notwithstanding multiple previous treatments that failed to progress the wound.
• Be applied in an outpatient setting, preventing the need for hospital admission which has significant positive impact on the health economics of wound care globally.

In the study, it was indicated that achieving closure of the wound by enhancing the body’s physiological means links to the demonstrated high safety pattern of the ActiGraft treatment.

Study: Amniotic membrane is tissue obtained from human placenta rich in cytokines, growth factors, and stem cells that possess the ability to inhibit infection, improve healing, and stimulate regeneration. A meta-analysis was performed examining randomized controlled trials comparing amniotic tissue products with standard of care in nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers, including searches of PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. A search of three databases identified 596 potentially relevant articles. Application of selection criteria led to the selection of five randomized controlled trials representing a total of 311 patients. The pooled relative risk of healing with amniotic products compared with control was 2.75 (95% CI 2.06–3.67; P < 0.001). The authors conclude that treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with amniotic membrane significantly improves healing rates. Further studies are needed to determine whether these products also decrease the incidence of subsequent complications, such as amputation or death, in diabetic patients.

Study: Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) has emerged as a versatile therapeutic modality with significant applications in wound healing, tissue regeneration, and ophthalmology. This comprehensive review evaluates AMT’s efficacy in acute and chronic wound management, where it has been shown to alleviate pain, reduce infection risk, and facilitate epithelialization. In chronic wounds, AMT enhances healing through mechanisms such as re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. The review additionally examines AMT’s promise in nerve regeneration, demonstrating potential in the repair of peripheral and central nervous system injuries by fostering neural recovery and minimizing scar formation. In ophthalmology, AMT is instrumental in corneal surface reconstruction, conjunctival repairs, and the management of dry eye syndrome and limbal stem cell deficiency. The review also explores emerging applications in spinal cord repair, orthopaedics, and tissue engineering, and highlights the current state of AMT along with its potential future role in advancing regenerative medicine.

Study: The amniotic membrane is the innermost layer of fetal membranes that surrounds and protects the embryo. Amniotic epithelial cells are a rich source of biologically active factors known to promote cell proliferation and differentiation, making the amniotic membrane an attractive wound dressing material. Despite a large number of publications reporting anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, re-epithelializing, and scar-preventing properties of amniotic membrane, not all molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial actions of the amniotic membrane dressing have been fully elucidated. This review summarizes current knowledge on the properties of the amniotic membrane and its various clinical applications. It includes an overview of the main biologically active factors that may be responsible for the observed clinical effects of amnion dressings. The role of amnion processing and inter- and intradonor variations between amniotic membrane specimens are discussed. Future directions for the use of amnion derivatives in wound care are also indicated. This foundational review remains widely cited in the amniotic allograft literature.

Study: This study evaluates healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) with use of dehydrated human amniotic membrane (dHAM) in patients failing under standard of care treatment. Eleven patients were included in the study. Mean wound chronicity was 21.1 ± 12.4 weeks and mean wound size was 4.7 ± 5.0 cm² at baseline. Complete healing was achieved in 55% of patients by 4 weeks, 64% by 6 weeks, and 91% by 12 weeks with bi-weekly dHAM application. Mean weeks to complete healing was 4.2 ± 3.1 weeks for the 10 patients who healed. After 4 weeks of standard care, wounds decreased in size an average of 26.8% versus 87.6% after 4 weeks of dHAM treatment (p < 0.001). This study provides evidence that the incorporation of dHAM into standard care for patients with chronic DFUs can be beneficial. The results suggest dHAM is a viable option for the treatment of recalcitrant DFUs that have not responded adequately to conventional wound care protocols.

Study: The observational pilot study demonstrates the safety and efficacy for whole blood clot (WBC) technology in a wide variety of hard-to-heal wounds.

An average of 65% reduction in patients’ wound size was achieved by week 4 and 94% by week 12. In 4 of the cases described, not only did patients experience healing in hard-to-heal wounds, but scheduled amputations were avoided. Other advanced wound care therapies such as PRP, NPWT, and compression bandaging were used in 55% of patients for more than 12 months without achieving wound closure until the application of WBC. In particular, 74% of patients were previously treated with more than one NWPT dressing application without success.

These findings suggest that the application of WBC technology changes the chronic nature of the hard-to-heal wound into an acute wound healing trajectory significantly faster than what is suggested in the literature. Further, it is recommended that healthcare systems and insurance companies use WBC in hard-to-heal wounds to achieve complete healing and, thus, reduce the ongoing burden to the patient and associated costs.

Study: Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) can be associated with severe pain, having a tremendous effect on the ulcer treatment and eventually the patient’s life. While background pain is common in chronic wounds, dressing removal and procedures are the main cause for VLU pain.

This case study features a 63-year-old patient with a 1-year-old VLU that occured as a result of a scratch that turned into a wide-spread wound. The patient previously underwent advanced treatment with no improvement and experienced high pain levels, consuming a large amount of analgesics, ultimately, with no relief. With a weekly application of ActiGraft, the patient’s pain levels progressively improved. The level of pain decreased with each application until the patient achieved complete healing after 16 weeks of treatment.

ActiGraft was found to have a significant effect in reducing wound pain levels, having an impact on the patient’s wuality of life, and progresssing the hard-to-heal wound toward complete healing.

Study: The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel method using an autologous whole blood clot formed with the RedDress Wound Care System (RD1, RedDress Ltd, Israel), a provisional whole blood clot matrix used in the treatment of chronic wounds of various etiologies.

The pilot study demonstrated that an in-vitro blood clot using the whole blood clot matrix kit can be effectively, consistently, and safely prepared by a care provider at the point of care.

The blood clot matrix was effective and safe in treating a small sample – 7 patients, 9 wounds – of patients with chronic and acute wounds that varied in severity and duration.
Complete healing, defined as complete wound closure, was achieved in 7 of the 9 wounds (78%). The 2 wounds that did not achieve complete wound closure were partially closed (Wound No. 2 was 77% closed, and wound No. 4 was 82% closed).

Study: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, refractory disease requiring multidisciplinary management. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has emerged as a promising intervention, but its efficacy and safety had remained controversial at the time of this publication. The authors searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify randomized controlled trials comparing ADM to standard of care (SOC) in DFU patients. A total of 632 DFU patients from six RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were complete wound healing, mean time to heal, and adverse events. Results demonstrated that ADM significantly accelerated healing velocity in uninfected, non-ischemic, full-thickness DFUs compared with SOC alone, while generating no additional complications. The pooled data confirmed ADM’s superiority over standard care without evidence of increased adverse events. The authors conclude that ADM represents a safe and effective adjunct therapy that can meaningfully improve outcomes in appropriately selected DFU patients. This meta-analysis is widely cited as a foundational reference for the use of acellular matrix products in chronic wound care.

Study: Extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived implants continue to challenge and refine the conventional wisdom of biomaterials in soft tissue repair. This review recognizes that different tissue-processing methodologies produce ECM devices with characteristic post-implantation responses. These range from classic foreign body encapsulation of a permanent implant, to biodegradation and resorption, to a response where the processed ECM implant is populated by local fibroblasts and supporting vasculature to generate a new, metabolically active tissue — referred to as gTissue. The article reviews the multiple ECM devices available clinically, examining the impact of tissue source and processing on physicomechanical properties and host-implant interactions across a range of surgical applications. Topics include the biological rationale for ECM scaffolding, comparative analysis of decellularization and sterilization methods, and the practical clinical considerations for podiatric surgeons and wound care specialists selecting an ECM product. This remains a foundational reference in the wound care and soft tissue reconstruction literature, providing mechanistic and practical grounding for the use of both acellular dermal matrices and amniotic membrane allografts in chronic wound management.

Study: Diabetic foot complications are among the most common and economically devastating problems associated with diabetes mellitus worldwide. This article examines the global financial burden of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which result in massive economic crises for patients, families, and healthcare systems alike. DFUs have a neuropathic origin and show a progressively higher prevalence in developing countries compared with developed countries. The authors argue that patients at greatest risk of ulceration can be readily identified through routine foot examination, and that economic burden assessments must incorporate both clinical and social costs of the disease. The paper discusses the compounding expenses of wound care, hospitalization, surgical intervention, and amputation, as well as the lost productivity associated with diabetes-related lower-extremity complications. The authors conclude that early prevention, identification, and treatment — alongside comprehensive cost modeling — is essential to reduce the escalating financial toll. This concise review is widely cited as a global reference on DFU health economics and is freely available through PubMed Central.

Study: Foot ulcers associated with diabetes mellitus require immediate attention due to the risk of amputation if left untreated. This brief but clinically focused article reviews the key mitigating risk factors and the physiopathology of the diabetic foot, while recounting a surgical approach from a vascular surgery unit in Naples, Italy. The authors highlight how diabetic foot ulcers arise from a convergence of neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, and infection, each of which must be addressed systematically to avoid catastrophic outcomes. The paper underscores the importance of early identification of at-risk patients through routine foot examination, prompt referral, and multidisciplinary management. The authors describe their operative strategies for revascularization and wound management, arguing that a proactive approach significantly reduces amputation rates. As an open-access article published in a peer-reviewed translational medicine journal affiliated with the University of Salerno, it provides a concise clinical overview relevant to clinicians and wound care practitioners seeking a focused summary of diabetic ulcer pathophysiology and surgical management strategies.

Study: The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Facts & Figures page is the world’s leading continuously updated resource for global diabetes prevalence, incidence, and projections. According to the IDF’s most recent Atlas, approximately 589 million adults worldwide were living with diabetes in 2024 — a figure projected to rise to 853 million by 2050. More than 1 in 10 adults globally now has diabetes. The IDF estimates that 6.7 million people died from diabetes or its complications in 2021, with global health expenditure on the disease reaching USD 966 billion. The data encompass all types of diabetes and are broken down by region, age group, and income level, providing the foundational epidemiological context for understanding the scale of diabetic complications including foot ulcers and lower-limb amputations. This resource is the standard reference cited in medical, public health, and health economics literature to establish the global burden of diabetes.

Study: Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) is among the most common complications of uncontrolled diabetes. It is estimated that approximately 15% to 25% of patients with diabetes will develop a DFU in their lifetime. A DFU is a complex wound that requires considerable effort to restart a stalled healing process.

In this study, a TABCT product was used in a point-of-care setting to treat DFUs by reconstructing the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) and adjusting intricate phenotypes and mechanisms of mediators to progress towards complete healing. The TABCT product exhibited superiority over SOC treatment; 76.85% of patients achieved 50% PAR in 4 weeks, while 95% of wounds achieved complete closure in 12 weeks. By incorporating and stimulating the body’s own healing capabilities into the healing process, the TABCT provided granulation over vital structures with a reduction in overall wound size in a timely manner.

Study: High mortality rates following major lower-limb amputations in patients with diabetes and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) have been reported across the literature, but rates have varied considerably between studies. This systematic review was conducted to consolidate five-year mortality data following nontraumatic major lower-extremity amputations. A search of Medline via OVID, CINAHL, and the Cochrane library screened 365 abstracts, with 79 full-text articles assessed for eligibility; ultimately 31 studies met the inclusion criteria. The review found a weighted five-year mortality rate of approximately 67%, underscoring the profound systemic burden of diabetes- and PVD-associated limb loss. Increased mortality was more common with more proximal amputation levels. Risk factors most commonly identified across studies included advanced age, male sex, peripheral vascular disease, and renal disease. The authors conclude that nontraumatic major amputation carries a prognosis comparable to many malignancies, and that aggressive limb-salvage efforts — including optimized wound care and advanced biologics — are warranted to delay or prevent amputation and improve long-term survival in this high-risk population.

Study: This landmark prospective study examined whether the four-week healing rate could predict complete wound closure at 12 weeks in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Wound area measurements at baseline and at four weeks were obtained from 203 patients enrolled in a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. The midpoint percentage area reduction at four weeks — discriminating healers from non-healers at 12 weeks — was found to be 53%. Patients achieving a wound area reduction greater than this midpoint had a 12-week healing rate of 58%, versus only 9% for those below the midpoint (P < 0.01). The percent change in wound area at four weeks was 82% in those who ultimately healed, compared with 25% in those who did not (P < 0.001). The authors conclude that the percent change in foot ulcer area after four weeks is a robust predictor of 12-week healing, and advocate using this simple clinical decision tool for early identification of patients unlikely to respond to standard care. This study is extensively cited in wound care trials as the rationale for using early wound area reduction as a surrogate endpoint.

Study: This study estimates the cost-effectiveness of using dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane (dHACM) allografts (Epifix) as an adjunct to standard care, compared with standard care alone, to manage non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in secondary care in the United Kingdom, from the perspective of the National Health Service (NHS). A Markov model simulated the management of diabetic lower extremity ulcers over one year. At 12 months, adjunctive dHACM use versus standard care alone was estimated to lead to a 90% increase in the probability of healing, a 34% reduction in wound infection, a 57% reduction in wound recurrence, a 6% increase in probability of avoiding amputation, and 8% improvement in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). The total 12-month secondary care management cost in the dHACM group was estimated at £2,502 per DFU versus £5,764 per ulcer with standard care alone. Within certain price ranges, adjunctive dHACM allografts represent a cost-effective NHS intervention for non-healing DFUs in adults with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.

Study: The topically applied autologous blood clot tissue creates a scaffold that serves as a biologic delivery system that functions to control the release of growth factors and cytokines.

Activated platelets and fibrin set forth the groundwork of the scaffold via conformational change and cleavage. Platelets provide immunity to the wound site, aid in the inflammatory process, and provide essential growth and clotting factors that are essential in wound healing; while the fibrin matrix provides a temporary ECM, aids in issue repair, leukocyte adhesions, endothelial cell migration during angiogenesis, and recruits cells to trigger fibrin-mediated responses.

Topically applied blood clot tissue can lower bacterial bioburden while stimulating angiogenesis and fostering the movement of keratinocytes and fibroblasts.

Study: Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are hard-to-heal wounds primarily caused by venous insufficiency and venous hypertension. These wounds pose significant clinical and economic burdens, often failing to heal with standard compression therapy alone. Autologous whole blood clot (AWBC) therapy has emerged as a potential treatment for hard-to-heal wounds, complementing the body’s natural wound healing mechanisms. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of AWBC in a real-world setting for treating VLUs that have not responded to conventional therapies.

Study: The use of an autologous blood clot product on neuropathic DFUs was found to be safe and efficacious to use on patients with multiple, serious comorbidities. 2 of 32 adverse events (AEs) were deemed potentially device-related, however, treatment with the blood clot product continued once the AEs were resolved.

Twenty patients were enrolled in the study; 20 were analyzed in intent-to-treat (ITT) population, and 18 were in the per-protocol (PP) population. In the ITT population, 13 of 20 (65%) wounds completely healed and 13 of 18 (72.2%) PP population wounds completely healed. For purposes of the study, the efficacy of the blood product is measured as complete healing – defined as skin reepithelialization without drainage or dressing requirements confirmed at 2 consecutive study visits 2 weeks apart.

Study: Blood has become a major source for wound care products due to its primary role in wound healing. In this study, the safety of an autologous whole blood clot product was evaluated in porcine models. The blood clot provides a fibrin scaffold that serves as a protective, provisional extracellular matrix. The clot dries out and becomes a protective scab, under which a moist wound environment can be maintained.

The use of the autologous whole blood clot product applied to full thickness dermal wounds in a porcine model proved to be a beneficial treatment for acute full-thickness wounds. Three of the four pigs in the model-study were allocated to the whole blood clot product intervention group, whereas 1 was allocated to the control. By the 18th – and final – day, the wound area of the intervention group reduced by 66%, compared to the control (41%).

Microscopic evaluation of the wounds indicated that the whole blood clot product achieved partial-to-complete wound reepithelialization, whereas only minimal reepithelialization was present in the control.

Study: This case study found ActiGraft to be a highly effective and cost-efficient wound care solution for treating chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). DFUs are a complication associated with many comorbidities that can result in long-term hospitalization, limb amputation, and even death. ActiGraft proved successful in treating a hard-to-heal, chronic DFU that presented extensive necrotic tissue, after multiple other wound treatments failed. ActiGraft creates a fibrin clot using the patient’s own blood which minimizes concerns of possible adverse reactions and further complications while promoting the natural healing process of the wound.

After only three weeks of use, the ActiGraft treatment demonstrated rapid tissue granulation growth over the exposed bone, tendons and fascia, with reduction in size of the wound area.

Furthermore, the weekly application of ActiGraft demonstrated the importance of wound bed preparation by achieving tissue management, inflammation and infection control, moisture balance, and epithelial edge advancement.

These findings highlight the safety and efficacy of the cutting-edge technology harnessed in the ActiGraft product and bring an in-depth discussion to ActiGraft’s success in healing chronic DFUs.

Study: Deep and tunneling wounds, hard-to-heal in nature, are a challenge to apply and maintain most advanced wound dressings to promote effective healing. An autologous whole blood clot is a topical treatment and has been found to be safe and effective in healing cutaneous wounds. The active coagulation whole blood (ACWB) clot treatment, using the patient’s own blood, is used to treat deep and tunneling wounds, by mixing the blood with coagulation components and applying it into the wound cavity allowing the clot to re-form inside the wound.

In this study, 5 patients with multiple comorbidities, exhibiting surgical abdominal wound, chronic pilonidal sinus, stage 4 sacral pressure ulcer with exposed bone, post-amputation surgical site wound, and non-healing wound dehiscence at the site of a prior hip replacement, were all treated with the ACWB clot treatment. Complete healing was achieved in 4 out of 5 cases, demonstrating the efficacy of the ACWB treatment in deep wounds with cavaties and exposed structures. In its flowable form, the ACWB treatment safely and efficiently provides coverage of the entirety of the wound surface to improve the time and process of complex wound surface healing.

Study: The complexity of a wound – whether it is acute or chronic – is based on patient-specific local, systemic, and psychosocial actors. A panel of providers experienced in wound care and surgical wound management was convened to create a series of publications on the use of topical autologous blood clot therapy (TABCT) in the treatment of complex wounds.

This publication, the first in a series, providers an evidence basis of the gap between definition and treatment of complex wounds, an overview of the use of autologous therapies in these wounds, and the science behind TABCT. In addition to this foundation of knowledge, this publication describes the plan for the consensus panel decision pathways and recommendation development of use of TABCT in the treatment of specific complex wound types.

Study: The study aims to evaluate the efficiency of an autologous whole blood clot (WBC) matrix on diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), and analyse its immune response with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and pH measurement.

The use of an autologous matrix was effective in healing three non-healing DFUs. Quantitative measurements taken with the NIRS indicated:

• An increase in StO2%, HbO2, and tHb and a decrease in Hb
• An increase in angiogenesis in the local wound area tissue

Wound-size reduction was 70% after two applications, 97.6% after three applications, and 90.9% after four applications. The NIRS skeletal muscle oxygen saturation (StO2) increased in all cases. Overall, the autologous matrix was effective in improving the qualitative aspects of the treated wounds, as well as the course of the wound healing process, as measured by PAR, oxygen saturation values, and local pH levels.

Study: A registry study of patients with surgical wounds was conducted to evaluate if an autologous blood clot, ActiGraft, can promote wound healing in complex surgical wounds.

A total of 14 patients took part in the study. Autologous whole blood clot treatment resulted in a mean percent wound area reduction of 72.33% at four weeks, with 33.33% of wounds achieving complete closure by week 4. At week 12, 78.54% of the wounds achieved complete closure. In this case series, autologous whole blood clot treatment was able to restore wound healing, avoiding the risk of infection and amputation of an affected limb. The properties of an autologous whole blood clot as an ECM reduce the risk of infection, causing the wound to progress from the inflammatory phase to the proliferative phase. Autologous whole blood clot treatment in hardto-heal surgical wounds was found to be an effective approach, reducing the risk of infection and promoting cell granulation, resulting in wound closure.

Study: Management and treatment of pressure ulcers (PUs) are met with great difficulty due to various factors that cause vulnerability of the soft tissue such as location, limited mobility, increased friction and shearing forces, as well as other comorbidities that may delay or halt wound healing.

This study aims to assess the efficacy of the Topically Applied Blood Clot (TABCT) in the treatment of PUs in comparison to standard of care (SOC) treatment. Twenty-four patients, 18 years or older, with PUs ranging from stage 1 to 4, were included in the study.

Efficacy in percent area reduction (PAR) on weeks 4 and 12 with TABCT over SOC was assessed. Treatment using TABCT in PUs resulted in 77.9% of the patients achieving a 50% PAR on week 4. The mean PAR on week 12 was 96.23% with 45% of the wounds treated with TABCT achieving complete wound closure. In addition, the TABCT prompted granulation tissue formation over vital structures, such as bone, which is often present in later stage PUs.

Study: This case study found ActiGraft to be a safe and effective wound treatment which showed to be successful in treating a deep cutaneous injury on the patient’s hand. ActiGraft not only successfully repaired the skin deficit, but simultaneously mitigated scar formation while supporting good hand mobility.

Data demonstrated a decrease in wound size by 73% after a single application. By week 5, the fourth and final ActiGraft treatment was applied to the wound which consisted of healthy granulated tissue and no longer exhibited any fibrotic or necrotic tissue, as well as no presence of slough. Complete wound healing was achieved on week 10 post-surgical with minimal scar formation, a challenging concern.

Scar formation is a challenging concern that has brought about immense clinical and financial burden on the healthcare system. The ActiGraft treatment was found to be cost-effective in comparison to alternative treatments; the cost of ActiGraft is more than 50% less than some other wound treatments for the equivalent time period of use. ActiGraft showed high efficacy in healing complex and deteriorating wounds with the potential to dramatically reduce the financial cost on the health system.

Study: A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of ActiGraft in treating complicated chronic wounds associated with various comorbidities including deep vein thrombosis post-cancer-related surgical wound, peripheral arterial disease, and Charcot foot. Severe comorbidities can have a major, negative effect on the wound healing process.

Four patients with multiple comorbidities, who failed several previous treatments, and exhibited complex wounds with exposed bone or tendon agreed to use ActiGraft. ActiGraft treatment resulted in a reduction in wound size and wound progression in a timely manner.

ActiGraft treatment was found to initiate and enhance the delayed healing process of complex and chronic wounds in patients suffering from comorbidities. ActiGraft creates a protective scaffold, restoring the homeostasis in the surrounding area of the wound, resulting in the initiation of the wound healing cascade in stagnant wounds.